Weekly Threat Digest: 05 to 11 October 2026
12 attacks and 35 exploited vulnerabilities, led by Zimbra CVE-2026-73570, NetScaler zero-day CVE-2026-88779, the ClingSTUN IoT backdoor and an Iran-nexus fake coding test.
05–11 October 2026Published October 13, 202612350526.7K3,1887Summary
HiveForce Labs has reported a sharp rise in cybersecurity threats, highlighting the growing complexity and frequency of global cyber incidents. Over the past week, 12 major attacks were detected, and 35 vulnerabilities were actively exploited, signaling a concerning escalation in malicious activity worldwide.
Among the most significant developments, CVE-2026-73570 is a command injection flaw in Zimbra Collaboration Suite before 10.1.20. If SNMP notifications are on, attackers can run commands without logging in. Over 274 servers have since been hit with web shells, cryptominers, and backdoors, and attackers stole emails and credentials. Meanwhile, CVE-2026-88779 is a high-severity memory overflow zero-day in NetScaler ADC and Gateway, and it's under active attack on appliances set up as a SAML Service Provider or Identity Provider.
Elsewhere, CL-STA-1178, an Iran-nexus threat cluster, is posing as the Dubai Airports IT department and sending a targeted engineer a trojanized Visual Studio coding test. Together, these incidents underscore a growing trend of hybrid cyber operations that combine technical exploitation with social engineering, reinforcing the need for timely patching, continuous monitoring, and layered security defenses.
Threat Distribution
Backdoor, Web Shell, Post-Exploitation Tool, Cryptominer, Tunneling loader, Downloader, Worm, Hacktool, Loader
Targeted Countries (109, most to least)
Iraq, United Arab Emirates, Israel, Thailand, Nigeria, United States, Brazil, South Africa, Canada, Kazakhstan, Chile, Mexico, China, Russia, Colombia, Sudan, Finland, Japan, France, Argentina, Germany, Libya, Greenland, Mongolia, India, Poland, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Spain, Algeria, Sweden, Ukraine, Australia, Italy, United Kingdom, Qatar, Monaco, Taiwan, Andorra, North Korea, Canada Quebec, Serbia, Cape Verde, Cameroon, Cayman Islands, Nauru, Central African Republic, Panama, Chad, Saint Lucia, Angola, Brunei, Anguilla, Tonga, Antigua and Barbuda, Mauritania, Comoros, Morocco, Congo-Brazzaville, New Zealand, Costa Rica, Norway, Croatia, Philippines, Cuba, Rwanda, Curacao, San Marino, Cyprus, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Swaziland, Democratic Republic of Congo, Tibet, Denmark, Turkmenistan, Djibouti, Malta, Dominica, Bhutan, Dominican Republic, Montenegro, Ecuador, Myanmar, Egypt, Netherland Antilles, El Salvador, Niger, Equatorial Guinea, Northern Cyprus, Estonia, Pakistan, Ethiopia, Paraguay, Faroe Islands, Portugal, Fiji, Romania, Albania, Saint Eustatius, Armenia, French Guiana, Scotland, Gabon, Sierra Leone, Georgia, British Virgin Islands, Aruba
Targeted Industries (30)
Aviation, IT Services, Technology, Telecommunications, Aerospace, Agriculture, Banking, Biomedical, BPO, Chemical, Computer Gaming, Construction, Consumer, Cryptocurrency, Defense, eCommerce, Education, Electronics, Industrials, Insurance, Jewelry, Logistics, Maritime, NGOs, Oil and gas, Pharmaceutical, Professional Services, Real estate, Research Entities, Utilities
Attack Details
Chopper
Chopper is a JSP web shell planted on Zimbra mail servers after exploitation of CVE-2026-73570. Attackers use the command injection flaw to make a web directory writable, decode an encoded payload into a JSP file there, and then restore the original permissions. The web shell gives them ongoing access to the server over HTTP. Copies were spread to other mailbox servers in the same cluster, so deleting one copy does not remove the attacker.
DeliveryExploiting Vulnerability CVECVE-2026-73570 PlatformZimbra Collaboration Suite servers ImpactRemote Access, Command Execution, Persistent Access, Lateral Spread Patchsee CVE-2026-73570 below
Godzilla
Godzilla is a JSP web shell found on Zimbra mail servers compromised through CVE-2026-73570. Attackers use the command injection flaw to make a web directory writable, write the decoded web shell into it, and then restore the original permissions so the change is harder to spot. Once it's planted, they can come back to the server over HTTP whenever they like. Copies were spread to other mailbox servers in the same cluster, so removing one copy doesn't end their access.
DeliveryExploiting Vulnerability CVECVE-2026-73570 PlatformZimbra Collaboration Suite servers ImpactRemote Access, Command Execution, Persistent Access Patchsee CVE-2026-73570 below
CoinMiner
CoinMiner is a cryptocurrency miner deployed on Zimbra mail servers compromised through CVE-2026-73570. It is pulled from an attacker-controlled server and saved as a hidden file named to look like a legitimate kernel worker process. Cron entries relaunch it every minute and at every reboot. It kills competing miners and redirects their mining pools by editing the system's hosts file, so the attacker gets the server's full computing power.
DeliveryExploiting Vulnerability CVECVE-2026-73570 PlatformZimbra Collaboration Suite servers ImpactResource Hijacking, Persistent Execution, Configuration Tampering Patchsee CVE-2026-73570 below
Looptik
Looptik is a public privilege escalation toolkit hosted on GitHub that attackers turned into a malicious payload on Zimbra mail servers compromised through CVE-2026-73570. It was planted in memory-backed temporary storage under a hidden name, ready to raise the attacker's access from the limited Zimbra service account toward full system control.
DeliveryExploiting Vulnerability CVECVE-2026-73570 PlatformZimbra Collaboration Suite servers ImpactPrivilege Escalation, System Compromise Patchsee CVE-2026-73570 below
Zimdown2
Zimdown2 is a Go-based installer used on Zimbra mail servers compromised through CVE-2026-73570. It downloads the Zimclient2 remote access agent, checks the file's hash before installing it, and picks a writable install location and a file name generated at runtime to suit each host. It reports installation progress to the attackers over a separate WebSocket channel, kept apart from the server hosting the payloads.
DeliveryExploiting Vulnerability CVECVE-2026-73570 PlatformZimbra Collaboration Suite servers ImpactPayload Installation, Remote Access, Data Exposure Patchsee CVE-2026-73570 below
Zimclient2
Zimclient2 is a remote access agent planted on Zimbra mail servers compromised through CVE-2026-73570. It gives attackers an interactive shell, lets them move files to and from the server, and acts as a SOCKS5 proxy so they can reach deeper into the victim's network through the compromised server. It talks to its command servers over WebSocket, TLS or raw TCP and switches between them if one is blocked. To survive reboots and cleanup, it sets up systemd services, OpenRC scripts, cron jobs, shell startup files, SSH keys and new local accounts.
DeliveryExploiting Vulnerability CVECVE-2026-73570 PlatformZimbra Collaboration Suite servers ImpactRemote Control, Persistent Access, Data Exfiltration, Network Pivoting Patchsee CVE-2026-73570 below
ShelbyLoader
A C# loader (RuntimeBroker.dll) sideloaded through AppDomainManager hijacking. It checks for sandboxes, sets Run-key persistence, fingerprints the host and beacons to GitHub C2, falling back to dead drops hidden in issue comments, before decrypting ShelbyC2 V2.
DeliveryTrojanized Visual Studio project PlatformMicrosoft Windows ImpactPersistence, payload delivery
ShelbyC2
The primary .NET backdoor (RuntimeBrokerApi.dll), stored AES-encrypted and decrypted in memory with a key derived from GitHub-hosted content. It runs operator commands through PsProxy and stages Blackwood for tunneling.
DeliveryLoaded by ShelbyLoader V2 PlatformMicrosoft Windows ImpactRemote command execution
PsProxy
An in-memory module that executes PowerShell and has no network or persistence of its own. It hooks System.Management.Automation.dll and runs scripts in a hidden runspace without launching PowerShell.exe.
DeliveryInvoked by ShelbyC2 V2 PlatformMicrosoft Windows ImpactStealthy script execution
Blackwood
A .NET loader pulled as Client.zip from GitHub and sideloaded into a signed vshost32.exe. It decrypts and reflectively loads an embedded Chisel DLL, then opens a reverse SOCKS proxy for covert pivoting.
DeliveryGitHub-hosted ZIP archive PlatformMicrosoft Windows ImpactCovert network pivoting
Shai-Hulud
Shai-Hulud is a supply-chain worm hidden in compromised packages that executes automatically on install via a bundled bundle.js. Once running, it leverages legitimate tooling to hunt for secrets, scans the host and developer environments for cloud and CI tokens, and validates any credentials it finds, so stolen tokens are immediately usable. The worm then abuses those credentials to propagate, injecting unauthorized GitHub Actions workflows into repositories and moving laterally across accounts, while exfiltrating harvested secrets to a hardcoded webhook. It targets packages from multiple maintainers and automates both secret discovery and repository-level persistence.
DeliveryMalicious code into the tensorlakeai/tensorlake ImpactSystem Compromise, exfiltrates data
ClingSTUN
ClingSTUN is a Linux backdoor that takes over Internet-facing IoT devices. A shell downloader installs it, and it then persists through system startup scripts and hides its process. It kills competing malware and disables the device watchdog so the device doesn't reboot. It uses public STUN servers to find the device's external IP address and port mappings, then turns the device into a back-connect proxy that can also run remote commands. It spreads to other devices using built-in exploits.
DeliveryExploitation of known vulnerabilities CVE31 CVEs (see Vulnerability Details) PlatformLinux (IoT devices on ARM, Intel 80386, AMD x86-64, MIPS R3000 and PowerPC) ImpactRemote Control, Command Execution, Proxy Abuse, Persistent Infection, Process Concealment Patchper CVE in Vulnerability Details
Vulnerability Details
A dash in Status means neither zero-day nor CISA KEV. No celebrity vulnerabilities were exploited this week.
Headline Vulnerabilities
| CVE / Name | Affected Product | CWE | Status | TTPs | Patch |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CVE-2026-73570Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) OS Command Injection Vulnerability | Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) Before 10.1.20 | CWE-78 | KEV | T1190, T1059, T1059.004, T1505, T1505.003 | wiki.zimbra.com · 10.1.20wiki.zimbra.com · patch_installation |
CVE-2026-88779Citrix NetScaler Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer Vulnerability | Citrix NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway 14.1 (Before 14.1-73.41), Citrix NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway 13.1 (Before 13.1-64.28), Citrix NetScaler ADC 14.1-FIPS (Before 14.1-73.41 FIPS), Citrix NetScaler ADC 13.1-FIPS and 13.1-NDcPP (Before 13.1-37.282) | CWE-119 | Zero-Day KEV | T1190, T1059, T1059.004, T1105, T1505 | support.citrix.com |
CVE-2026-104286Fortinet FortiMail Path Traversal Vulnerability | Fortinet FortiMail 8.0.0 through 8.0.1, 7.6.0 through 7.6.6, 7.4.0 through 7.4.8, 7.2.0 through 7.2.9 | CWE-22, CWE-158 | Zero-Day KEV | T1190, T1059 | fortiguard.fortinet.com |
CVE-2026-21589Atlassian Multiple Products Arbitrary File Access Vulnerability | Atlassian Bitbucket Data Center Version before 9.4.26,10.2.8, 10.5.1, Confluence Data Center Version before 9.2.26, 10.2.19, Jira Service Management Data Center Version before 5.12.40,10.3.26, 11.3.12, Jira Software Data Center Version before 9.12.40, 10.3.26,11.3.12, Bamboo Data Center Versions before 10.2.24,12.1.12, Crowd Data Center Version before 6.3.7, 7.0.3,7.1.7,7.2.4, Crucible Version before 4.9.15 and Fisheye Version before 4.9.15 | CWE-552 | – | T1190, T1552 | confluence.atlassian.com |
Exploited by the ClingSTUN Backdoor (31)
Associated TTPs across these 31 CVEs: T1059, T1059.004, T1078, T1078.001, T1105, T1133, T1190, T1210, T1499, T1499.004, T1505, T1505.003, T1570, T1584, T1584.005, T1584.008.
| CVE / Name | Affected Product | CWE | Status | Patch |
|---|---|---|---|---|
CVE-2025-34035EnGenius EnShare Cloud Service OS Command Injection Vulnerability | EnGenius EnShare Cloud Service version 1.4.11 and earlier. | CWE-78 | – | – |
CVE-2022-36553Hytec Inter HWL- 2511-SS Command Injection Vulnerability | Hytec Inter HWL-2511-SS v1.05 and below | CWE-77 | – | – |
CVE-2024-23625D-Link UPnP SUBSCRIBE Code Injection Vulnerability | D-Link DAP-1650 devices | CWE-77 | – | – |
CVE-2021-35394Realtek Jungle SDK Remote Code Execution Vulnerability | Realtek Jungle SDK version v2.x up to v3.4.14B | CWE-78 | KEV | www.realtek.com |
CVE-2023-1389TP-Link Archer AX-21 Command Injection Vulnerability | TP-Link Archer AX21 (AX1800) firmware versions before 1.1.4 Build 20230219 | CWE-77 | KEV | www.tp-link.com |
CVE-2024-7029AVTECH AVM1203 Command Injection Vulnerability | AVTECH AVM1203 | CWE-77 | – | – |
CVE-2024-10915D-Link Command Injection Vulnerability | D-Link DNS-320, DNS-320LW, DNS-325 and DNS-340L up to 20241028 | CWE-707, CWE-74, CWE-78 | – | – |
CVE-2024-23624D-Link DAP-1650 Command Injection Vulnerability | D-Link DAP-1650 devices | CWE-77 | – | – |
CVE-2019-17621D-Link DIR-859 Router Command Execution Vulnerability | D-Link DIR-859 Wi-Fi router 1.05 and 1.06B01 Beta01 | CWE-78 | KEV | www.dlink.com |
CVE-2019-7256Nice Linear eMerge E3- Series OS Command Injection Vulnerability | Linear eMerge E3-Series devices | CWE-78 | KEV | linear-solutions.com |
CVE-2021-36380Sunhillo SureLine OS Command Injection Vulnerablity | Sunhillo SureLine before 8.7.0.1.1 | CWE-78 | KEV | www.sunhillo.com |
CVE-2024-21887Ivanti Connect Secure and Policy Secure Command Injection Vulnerability | Ivanti Connect Secure (9.x, 22.x) and Ivanti Policy Secure (9.x, 22.x) | CWE-77 | Zero-Day KEV | hub.ivanti.com |
CVE-2023-46805Ivanti Connect Secure and Policy Secure Authentication Bypass Vulnerability | Ivanti ICS 9.x, 22.x and Ivanti Policy Secure | CWE-287 | Zero-Day KEV | hub.ivanti.com |
CVE-2024-46048Tenda exeCommand Command Injection Vulnerability | Tenda FH451 v1.0.0.9 | CWE-77 | – | – |
CVE-2024-35340Tenda exeCommand Command Injection Vulnerability | Tenda FH1206 V1.2.0.8(8155) | CWE-77 | – | – |
CVE-2024-32314Tenda AC500 formexeComman d Command Injection Vulnerability | Tenda AC500 V2.0.1.9(1307) | CWE-77 | – | – |
CVE-2024-32292Tenda exeCommand Command Injection Vulnerability | Tenda W30E v1.0 V1.0.1.25(633) | CWE-77 | – | – |
CVE-2024-32281Tenda exeCommand Command Injection Vulnerability | Tenda AC7V1.0 v15.03.06.44 | CWE-77 | – | – |
CVE-2022-35555Tenda W6 exeCommand Command Injection Vulnerability | Tenda W6 V1.0.0.9(4122) | CWE-78 | – | – |
CVE-2022-26289Tenda exeCommand Command Injection Vulnerability | Tenda M3 1.10 V1.0.0.12(4856) | CWE-78 | – | – |
CVE-2022-37055D-Link Routers Buffer Overflow Vulnerability | D-Link Go-RT-AC750 GORTAC750_revA_v101b03 and GO-RT-AC750_revB_FWv200b02 | CWE-120 | KEV | EOL |
CVE-2024-10914D-Link NAS Command Injection Vulnerability | D-Link DNS-320, DNS-320LW, DNS-325 and DNS-340L up to 20241028 | CWE-707, CWE-74, CWE-78 | – | EOL |
CVE-2026-36356MeiG Smart FORGE_SLT711 GoAhead Command Injection Vulnerability | MeiG Smart FORGE_SLT711 devices (firmware MDM9607.LE.1.0-00110- STD.PROD-1) | CWE-306, CWE-78 | – | – |
CVE-2025-67038Lantronix EDS5000 Code Injection Vulnerability | Lantronix EDS5000 2.1.0.0R3 | CWE-78 | KEV | ltrxdev.atlassian.net |
CVE-2014-8361Realtek SDK Improper Input Validation Vulnerability | Realtek SDK | - | KEV | supportannouncement.us.dlink.com |
CVE-2016-20016MVPower Remote Command Execution Vulnerability | MVPower CCTV DVR models, including TV-7104HE 1.8.4 115215B9 and TV7108HE | CWE-78 | – | – |
CVE-2024-3721TBK DVR OS Command Injection Vulnerability | TBK DVR-4104 and DVR-4216 up to 20240412 | CWE-78 | – | EOL |
CVE-2025-34037Linksys E-Series Routers OS Command Injection Vulnerability | Linksys E-Series Routers | CWE-78 | – | – |
CVE-2023-26801lb-link bl-lte300_firmware Command Injection Vulnerability | LB-LINK BL-AC1900_2.0 v1.0.1, LB-LINK BL-WR9000 v2.4.9, LB- LINK BL-X26 v1.2.5, and LB-LINK BL-LTE300 v1.0.8 | CWE-77 | – | – |
CVE-2023-41011China Mobile Intelligent Home Gateway Command Execution Vulnerability | China Mobile Communications China Mobile Intelligent Home Gateway v.HG6543C4 | CWE-77 | – | – |
CVE-2026-87827KGUARD DVR Command Execution Vulnerability | KGUARD DVR | CWE-1188 | – | – |
Actor Details
No threat actor activity was observed or reported during this week.
Recommendations
- 01Security Teams
This digest can be utilized as a drive to force security teams to prioritize the
35exploited vulnerabilities and block the indicators related to the malware Chopper, Godzilla, CoinMiner, Looptik, Zimdown2, Zimclient2, ShelbyLoader, ShelbyC2, PsProxy, Blackwood, Shai-Hulud, and ClingSTUN. - 02Uni5 Users: Run a Scan
This is an actionable threat digest for HivePro Uni5 customers. Run a Scan over the HivePro Uni5 dashboard to discover the assets impacted by the
35exploited vulnerabilities. - 03Uni5 Users: Test Security Controls
Test the efficacy of security controls by simulating attacks related to the malware Mini Shai-Hulud, ClingSTUN Downloader, and BlinderTunnel in Breach and Attack Simulation (BAS).
Indicators of Compromise (IoCs)
| Attack | Type | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Chopper | SHA256 | 13d27ecfbb6b3d55bdabcaa3a2ade83ecfaa3df92dbc22be05e6d9e2d18087b6 |
| CoinMiner | SHA256 | aea991f694911e321b0ab97534f2ad0291c392c0a43dabff664c563618bd036d |
| Looptik | SHA256 | 65a7576c389326b6cdf9c993d0be6e5d50fed9655d1cdf2a3a50f2c21c8ec435 |
| Zimdown2 | SHA256 | bf28f38122bf20d5fac969cc414daa6a890cdea872d389ca93d2092b6b7773cf |
| Zimclient2 | SHA256 | b594a42b8f1c6f090327bb9a3361c2d3515537fb7ac8da6b9061b9a3f330e159 |
| ShelbyC2 | Filename | RuntimeBrokerApi.dll |
| PsProxy | Filename | PsProxy.dll |
| PsProxy | SHA256 | 3fd810a3aa0039993393741b32287c367a9a5037a41e826906440887cdd3ed13 |
| ShelbyLoader | Filename | RuntimeBroker.dll |
| ShelbyLoader | SHA256 | 53f35e49eb9b271fd8cbcd3daacb525328dbf159a03dbd1c7adebe0363daa402 |
| Blackwood | IPv4 | 91[.]107[.]156[.]29 |
| Blackwood | SHA256 | 76273382e4252c1f60a2251141e108942494409c759358320735891762c0682e |
| Shai-Hulud | SHA256 | 25a0735d0db7dc40e5d45ce42d9c106067e6a66e184d967cfecfab17c3bcb5ef |
| ClingSTUN | SHA256 | e6e113783356446aef66e5296db45b244f318292af7cebc2a9bd76f095a95c4c |
A comprehensive list of IoCs associated with the executed attacks is available on the Uni5Xposure platform.
MITRE ATT&CK TTPs
Top MITRE ATT&CK TTPs
T1059T1105T1190T1071T1036T1071.001T1543T1059.004T1552T1505T1053T1057T1552.001T1036.005T1505.003T1567T1496T1059.001T1546T1595References & Patch Links
Threat Advisories
- 274 Mail Servers Down as CVE-2026-73570 Fuels Zimbra SNMP Exploitation Wave
- Citrix NetScaler SAML Zero-Day CVE-2026-88779 Under Active Exploitation
- Fortinet FortiMail Zero-Day Exploited to Write Arbitrary Files
- One Flaw, Eight Products: Atlassian's Critical Pre-Auth File Read (CVE-2026-21589)
- Blinder Tunnel: Iran-Nexus Actor Hides Backdoor in Fake Coding Test
- Hostage Token: Shai-Hulud Hijacks Tensorlake's npm SDK
- ClingSTUN Backdoor Turns Exposed IoT Devices into Stealthy Proxy Nodes
